A method of verifying user identity using tokens instead of traditional credentials.
Description
Token-based authentication is a modern security mechanism that allows users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple applications or services without needing to log in again. In this system, after a successful login, the user is issued a token, which is a unique string that serves as proof of their identity. This token is typically stored in the user's browser or mobile app and is sent with each request to the server. The server then validates the token, allowing users to access resources without repeatedly entering their username and password. This method is particularly beneficial in Single Sign-On (SSO) environments, where users can access various services seamlessly. Popular implementations include OAuth and JSON Web Tokens (JWT), which enhance security by reducing the need to transmit sensitive credentials over the network. Moreover, token-based authentication supports mobile applications and microservices architecture, making it a flexible choice for modern web applications.
Examples
- OAuth 2.0 is commonly used by companies like Google to allow users to authorize third-party applications without sharing passwords.
- JSON Web Tokens (JWT) are often used in frameworks like Angular and React for secure user authentication in single-page applications.
Additional Information
- Token-based authentication improves security by minimizing password exposure, as tokens can be easily revoked if compromised.
- It enhances user experience by enabling seamless access to multiple services, reducing login friction for end-users.